Un feu de for\u00eat est un incendie d\u00e9clench\u00e9 au sein d’un milieu forestier. Il peut avoir des origines aussi bien naturelles qu\u2019anthropiques ou humaines. La pr\u00e9sence de microcharbons pr\u00e9historiques dans notre environnement a d\u00e9montr\u00e9 que les feux de for\u00eat ont exist\u00e9 depuis l\u2019apparition des v\u00e9g\u00e9taux sur Terre, 420 millions d\u2019ann\u00e9es en arri\u00e8re. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Les feux de for\u00eat d\u2019origine anthropique (humaine) sont les plus fr\u00e9quents et les plus ravageurs. Aujourd\u2019hui, la majorit\u00e9 des feux de for\u00eat sont caus\u00e9s par l\u2019\u00eatre-humain: volontaires, non-volontaires, criminels,\u2026etc.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
La plan\u00e8te terre est intrins\u00e8quement inflammable. Les feux de for\u00eats d\u2019origine naturelle apparaissent dans un m\u00eame endroit en moyenne une fois tous les 25 ans. Ils ont une faible intensit\u00e9 et, souvent, ils n\u2019atteignent pas la haute canop\u00e9e. Ils se propagent au niveau du sol et d\u00e9barrassent la for\u00eat des d\u00e9bris de bois. Ces feux naturels sont donc peu fr\u00e9quents et ont une faible intensit\u00e9. Des recherches scientifiques, en Alg\u00e9rie et ailleurs, ont prouv\u00e9 que ces feux permettent, et dans certains cas sont primordiaux pour, la r\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9ration des for\u00eats de c\u00e8dres de l\u2019atlas et des pin\u00e8des.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
D\u2019ailleurs, plusieurs pratiques de gestion foresti\u00e8re, notamment le br\u00fblage dirig\u00e9, font appel au feu pour lutter contre le feu. Oui, vous avez bien lu. En effet, le br\u00fblage dirig\u00e9 est une technique de d\u00e9frichement m\u00e9thodique et contr\u00f4l\u00e9 qui sert \u00e0 d\u00e9barrasser la for\u00eat, notamment les pin\u00e8des, des d\u00e9bris de bois qui augmentent le risque d\u2019incendies ravageurs. Comme quoi, on br\u00fble la for\u00eat pour lutter contre les feux de for\u00eats tout en lui permettant de se r\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9rer d\u2019une mani\u00e8re saine. D’ailleurs, nos anc\u00eatres berb\u00e8res de Kabylie l’avaient intelligemment compris et ils pratiquaient cela dans les villages. \u00c0 l’approche de la saison des feux, ils ramassent tous les d\u00e9bris de bois et de v\u00e9g\u00e9taux morts \u00e0 fin de les br\u00fbler, et ce, pour prot\u00e9ger leurs villages des incendies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
En\u00a0contraste, les feux de\u00a0for\u00eats\u00a0d\u2019origine anthropique (humaine) sont les plus fr\u00e9quents et les plus ravageurs. Aujourd\u2019hui, la majorit\u00e9 des feux de for\u00eat sont caus\u00e9s par l\u2019\u00eatre humain: volontaires,\u00a0non volontaires, criminels,\u2026etc.<\/strong> En Alg\u00e9rie, les feux de\u00a0for\u00eats\u00a0anthropiques sont en train de ravager notre richesse naturelle. Ils ont plusieurs causes dont je cite principalement:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Feux de camp<\/strong> mal \u00e9teints et jet de m\u00e9gots. Apr\u00e8s des d\u00e9cennies d’ins\u00e9curit\u00e9, aujourd’hui, de plus en plus d’alg\u00e9riens re-d\u00e9couvrent le tourisme de nature sans forc\u00e9ment savoir comment se comporter correctement dans les milieux forestiers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– L’exploitation foresti\u00e8re ill\u00e9gale (bois) et production de charbon \u00e0 l\u2019approche de la celebration du Eid el Adha pour des fins commerciales (mafia du charbon<\/strong>),<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Les mines et la mafia du foncier<\/strong> qui veulent s\u2019accaparer plus de terrains, <\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Le br\u00fblage de d\u00e9chets agricoles<\/strong> et d’autres pratiques\u00a0qui impliquent l\u2019usage du feu dans les p\u00e2tures sauvages afin de\u00a0r\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9rer\u00a0la v\u00e9g\u00e9tation pour le b\u00e9tail.<\/strong> Cette derni\u00e8re a \u00e9t\u00e9 h\u00e9rit\u00e9e de nos anc\u00eatres mais les temps ont\u00a0chang\u00e9. De nos jours, les feux g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9s de cette mani\u00e8re deviennent\u00a0incontr\u00f4lables\u00a0et causent d\u2019\u00e9normes\u00a0d\u00e9g\u00e2ts. Bien qu’aujourd’hui ces pratiques soient devenues ill\u00e9gales, elles continuent \u00e0 avoir lieu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Qu\u2019ils soient d\u2019origine naturelle ou humaine, partout dans le monde, les feux de for\u00eat s\u2019amplifient un peu plus chaque ann\u00e9e sous l’effet du r\u00e9chauffement climatique<\/strong> suivant les sc\u00e9narios pr\u00e9dit par les scientifiques plusieurs ann\u00e9es en arri\u00e8re. Ces feux constituent une menace majeure pour l’humanit\u00e9 et acc\u00e9l\u00e8rent la crise actuelle d\u2019extinction des esp\u00e8ces.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
La\u00a0r\u00e9gion\u00a0m\u00e9diterran\u00e9enne\u00a0en g\u00e9n\u00e9ral et sa c\u00f4te Sud en particulier (MENA-dont l\u2019Afrique du Nord),\u00a0a\u00a0\u00e9t\u00e9\u00a0signal\u00e9e\u00a0\u00e0 maintes fois, comme \u00e9tant une zone doublement sensible aux cons\u00e9quences du r\u00e9chauffement climatique. Des rapports scientifiques pr\u00e9voient une augmentation allant de 40 \u00e0 100% de l\u2019intensit\u00e9 des feux de\u00a0for\u00eats\u00a0dans cette\u00a0r\u00e9gion, et ce, \u00e0 cause du r\u00e9chauffement climatique.\u00a0 \u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Sous l’effet du r\u00e9chauffement climatique, la saison estivale est prolong\u00e9e, les temp\u00e9ratures sont plus \u00e9lev\u00e9es et la p\u00e9riode de s\u00e9cheresse est plus longue. Ceci n\u2019est pas sans cons\u00e9quences sur la v\u00e9g\u00e9tation. En effet, sous ces conditions, les sols s\u2019ass\u00e8chent et les v\u00e9g\u00e9taux perdent de plus grandes quantit\u00e9s d\u2019eau par unit\u00e9 de carbone lors de leurs activit\u00e9s normales et de ce fait, ils s\u2019affaiblissent et le taux de mortalit\u00e9 augmente. Cela cr\u00e9e des d\u00e9bris v\u00e9g\u00e9taux secs qui nourissent les feux et favorise leur propagation quelles qu’en soient les causes.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Un feu de for\u00eat est un incendie d\u00e9clench\u00e9 au sein d’un milieu forestier. Il peut avoir des origines aussi bien naturelles qu\u2019anthropiques ou humaines. La pr\u00e9sence de microcharbons pr\u00e9historiques dans notre environnement a d\u00e9montr\u00e9 que les feux de for\u00eat ont exist\u00e9 depuis l\u2019apparition des v\u00e9g\u00e9taux sur Terre, 420 millions d\u2019ann\u00e9es en arri\u00e8re. Les feux de […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1948","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"\n
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